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Khiva Travel Guide
One of Uzbekistan's renowned "cradles of civilization," the ancient city of Khiva is part of the world-famous triumvirate of UNESCO World Heritage Sites found in the country. Commonly referred to as a "city-museum," it is unbelievably well-preserved and maintained - a result of the extremely effective conservation program initiated by the Soviets during the 1970s. Though it was not originally intended, the program also caused the city to become sparsely populated. However, to some, it is part of the attraction that makes it a popular and interesting destination for tourists.
Born out of its extensive 2,500-year-old history, Khiva has numerous examples of Muslim architecture, archaeological sites, museums and mausoleums infused with a decidedly Arab influence. It had also been a part of the legendary Silk Road trade route, along with its more famous neighbors, Samarkand and Bukhara. It is a common saying among the local people that without the competition from the notoriety of the other two, the city would not have had the impetus that has made it a World Heritage Site.
The most famous destination in Khiva is the historical Ichan-Kala. Believed to have been built in the 10th century, it comprises the city's inner division. A majestic citadel replete with mosques, palaces, mausoleums and other medieval edifices, it showcases the elements of Muslim architecture at its finest. It was, however, destroyed by invading Mongol armies in 1226 - the present Ichan-Kala is a product of extensive rehabilitation during the 19th century. The citadel also enjoys the reputation as the first-ever landmark of the country to be included in the World Heritage list.
Most of the city's major attractions can be seen within the complex of Ichan-Kala. Destinations include the iconic Kalta Minor, a majestic minaret (lighthouse) composed of blue and green tiles that was mysteriously left unfinished. Also warranting a visit is the 12th century fortress, the Kukhna Ark, in which the former rulers of Khiva used to take residence in. There is also the imposing Juma Mosque, supposedly erected during the 10th century and considered by many to be the city's oldest structure. Its most beautiful features are the more than 200 exquisitely carved columns.
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