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Sitting in the Baltic Sea just off the western coast of Estonia, Saaremaa is the largest and the most populous island in the country. Overrun by swaths of pine and spruce forests, this 2,700-square kilometer parcel of land is home to some 40,000 people. The island bears an extensive past, with a history dating back to thousands of years. It was ruled by numerous empires such as the Germans, Dutch, Swedish, and the Russians.
Its potential as a tourist destination was discovered by foreign visitors at around 1940, when the island was still known as Arensburg. Many tourists are drawn to its spa and wellness resorts where one can relax and pamper the body.
The highlight of a visit to Saaremaa is Kaali, a group of nine craters formed by meteorites that struck the island thousands of years ago during the Holocene Era. It is said that the impact unleashed a force equivalent to that of the Hiroshima atomic bomb, creating holes in the ground that reach up to 110 meters in diameter. Today, the craters have become like small lakes, and are actually considered by the locals as sacred. It is also believed to have been the site of numerous ritual sacrifices during the ancient times.
Another attraction worthy to be seen is the Kuressare Episcopal Castle, a palace-looking fortress that is said to date back to the 13th century. Archaeological evidence shows that the structure was originally made out of wood, and was only reinforced by stone a few centuries later. It served as the seat of power for the Saaremaa royalty, as well as a defensive stronghold. Its architecture looks eerily like a convent; thus its name. There is also Karujarv, or as it is commonly called, "Bear Lake." Estimated to have been formed almost 8,000 years ago, it is considered as the oldest lake in Saaremaa. Its lush banks are ideal for picnic.
Nature enthusiasts may want to make take a detour to Vilsandi National Park, which is situated in the island's western coasts. Sprawling to an area of roughly 238 square kilometers, the park was established in 1914 as Vaika Bird Reserve. It includes over 160 islands and islets. It is home to no less than 250 species of bird life, making it an ornithologist's deligh.
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